While walking in Beirut during the coronavirus lockdown recently, Omar Frangieh was struck by the number of face masks and gloves littering the Lebanese capital.
The photographer, concerned that contaminated waste could itself transmit the disease, took 200 photos of discarded personal protective equipment and posted them in a Facebook album he titled "Invaders in Beirut."
From Baghdad to Tunis, the disposable masks and gloves that remain in high demand to protect populations from the coronavirus pandemic are discarded after use, adding to pollution and public health risks.
Walking around Tunis and suburbs, you can spot protective masks discarded after use, even though such a behaviour is seen as a health hazard.
While the virus is usually transmitted by close human contact via respiratory droplets, studies show it can survive on some surfaces for days, suggesting that improperly discarded gloves and masks could pose a risk of transmission to whoever cleans them up.
For lack of sufficient one-time or multiple-use cloth masks, Tunisia has had a hard time imposing face masks on public transportation users since it eased confinement rules and allowed part of the work force to return to work.
While the protective masks are supposed to be sold exclusively by pharmacies, cart merchants, seeing a business opportunity in the shortage, were spotted in Tunis metro stations offering suspicious cloth masks to commuters. Questioned by municipal police, they admitted to manufacturing the mask in unhygienic conditions.
Since the coronavirus emerged in China in December, countries across the Middle East and North Africa have reported 7,711 deaths and 233,522 COVID-19 cases.
In Saudi Arabia, which has reported over 40,000 coronavirus cases, some supermarkets have introduced rules requiring shoppers to wear disposable gloves.
Many discard them in the parking lots after they emerge, with the plastic waste blowing in the hot desert wind.
Amid panic buying by shoppers, pharmacies in Saudi Arabia have seen persistent shortages of items such as disposable gloves, masks and sanitisers.
The run on the protective gear has come even as opinion is divided on how useful they are.
The World Health Organisation (WHO) says washing hands regularly is more effective than wearing gloves for preventing the spread of the virus.
The US Centre for Disease Control advises ordinary people to wear washable cloth masks in public, allowing in-demand single-use respirators and surgical masks to be used by healthcare workers and other at-risk groups.
In the Palestinian enclave of Gaza on the eastern Mediterranean, the beachfront -- already polluted with rubbish -- is now also littered with masks and gloves.
The items are designed to be single use, are not recyclable and most will not biodegrade, making them an unsightly source of pollution and potential hazard to marine life if they end up in the ocean.
Some small shop owners have taken the initiative to collect them and put them in the trash bin, but the beach has long been dotted with rubbish, with poor Gazans often dumping their waste there.
This article has been adapted from its original source.
