Since the beginning of the establishment of Turkey and the independence of Syria in the first half of the 20th century, relations between the two countries have been full of tension and cooperation and political, security, border, and geopolitical differences. After years of disagreement, Turkey-Syria's historical closeness was formed in the first decade of the 2000s, but in 2011, severe tension arose between Ankara and Bashar al-Assad's government. In the ...